Foreign exchange is the simultaneous buying of one currency and selling of another. Currencies are traded through a broker or dealer and are executed in pairs, for example, the Euro and the U.S. dollar (EUR/USD) or the British pound and the Japanese yen (GBP/JPY).
The foreign exchange market (Forex) is the largest financial mar- ket in the world, with a volume of over $2 trillion daily. This is more than three times the total amount of the stocks, options, and futures markets combined. Unlike other financial markets, the Forex spot market has no physical location, nor a central exchange. It operates through an electronic network of banks, corporations, and individuals trading one currency for another. The lack of a physical exchange enables the Forex to operate on a 24-hour basis, spanning from one time zone to another across the major financial centers. This fact has a number of ramifications that we will discuss here and coming post.
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